31. यागप्रिया yāgapriyā
yāgapriyāmara-tyāgapriyaṁ vidhiṁ drāgapriyēṇa śikṣitavānasi |
Translation:
śikṣitavān asi - You punished
vidhiṁ - Brahma,
yāga priya amara tyāga priyaṁ - [who was] pleased with the abstention (tyāga) of the gods (amara), who are fond of sacrifices (yāga),
drāk - quickly,
apriyēṇa - due to [his] disagreeable act.
You swiftly (drāk) punished (śikṣitavān asi), for his unacceptable (apriyēṇa) act, Brahma (vidhiṁ), to whom the self-restraint (tyāga) of the gods (amara) was dear (priya). [The gods are described as “yāga priya”, those who enjoy sacrifices.]
Notes:
When Brahma once became proud of his five heads, and felt he was equal to Shiva, Shiva punished him by cutting off one of them.
The Devas enjoy the offerings made to them during sacrifices, and are hence described as “yāgapriya”. According to the Brhadaranyaka Upanishad, Brahma advised the Devas “dāmyata”, i.e. “Restrain yourselves” and therefore their “tyāga” or forsaking of pleasures, is dear to him.
‘Sivapriya’ interprets “yāga priya amara tyāga priyaṁ“ as “He who was pleased to forsake the Devas since they were eager to attend the Yaga of Daksha”, since Brahma, unlike the other Devas, did not wish to attend the aforesaid Yaga.
32. रागवर्धनी rāgavardhanī
सदानन्दे त्वयि रागवर्धनीं मुदा पुनीतवतीं रक्षितवानसि |
sadānandē tvayi rāgavardhanīṁ mudā punītavatīṁ rakṣitavānasi |
Translation:
mudā - Joyfully,
rakṣitavān asi - you protected
punītavatīṁ - Punitavati,
rāga vardhanīṁ - [who] had increasing (vardhanīṁ) love (rāga)
tvayi - towards you,
sadānandē - the ever-blissful one.
You gladly (mudā) protected (rakṣitavān asi ) Punitavati, who nurtured (vardhanīṁ) loving devotion (rāga) unto you (tvayi), the eternally blissful one (sadānandē).
Notes:
 |
| A scene from the annual Mangani Vizha (mango festival) in Karaikkal. Shiva's processional idol is decorated holding a mango, to indicate the miracle he caused for Punitavati |
Punitavati is the maiden name of the saint Karaikkal Ammaiyar, who is one of the 63 saints sung in the Periya Puranam. As a young lady, she was eager to feed the devotees of Shiva. Once she served one of the two mangoes sent home by her husband, to a devotee. When the husband came home and ate the other fruit, he wanted to eat a second one too. Punitavati was hesitant to tell him she had given it away. She prayed to the Lord to save her from this delicate situation, and the Lord gave her a mango miraculously in her hands.
33. गाङ्गेयभूषणी gāṅgēyabhūṣaṇī
श्रित-गजवदन-गाङ्गेय भूषणी-कृत-भुजङ्ग नतसुर-कदम्ब |
śrita-gajavadana-gāṅgēya bhūṣaṇī-kr̥ta-bhujaṅga natasura-kadamba |
Translation:
śrita gajavadana gāṅgēya - O One worshipped (śrita) by [your sons] Ganesha (gajavadana) and Subrahmanya (gāṅgēya) !
bhūṣaṇī kr̥ta bhujaṅga - O One who has made (kr̥ta) snakes (bhujaṅga) as your ornaments (bhūṣaṇī) !
nata sura kadamba - O One saluted (nata) by the group (kadamba) of Devas (sura) !
O One sought and served (śrita) by Ganesha (gajavadana) and Subrahmanya (gāṅgēya), your sons ! O One who has made (kr̥ta) snakes (bhujaṅga) as your ornaments (bhūṣaṇī) ! O One saluted (nata) by the group (kadamba) of Devas (sura) !
Notes:
 |
| Shrines for Ganesha and Subrahmanya at the entrance of a temple of Shiva |
Subrahmanya is known as “gāṅgēya” since he is [also] the son of River Ganga.
“śrita” also means “approached”, and hence this could also be taken as “O One flanked by Ganesha and Subrahmanya”, a scene we see in Shiva’s temples.
The word “gāṅgēya” also means gold, hence ‘Sivapriya’ interprets “gāṅgēya bhūṣaṇīkr̥ta bhujaṅga” as Shiva converting his snakes into gold ornaments, based on the description by Kalidasa in the Kumarasambhava, that when going to marry Parvati, Shiva, converted his snake ornaments to golden ones, to suit the occasion.
वागधीश्वरी-श्रियौ यदङ्ग-सम्भवे भोगमोक्षदा जगदम्बा |
vāgadhīśvarī-śriyau yadaṅga-sambhavē bhōgamōkṣadā jagadambā |
Translation:
jagad ambā - The mother (ambā) of the universe (jagad),
bhōga mōkṣadā - the giver (dā) of pleasure (bhōga) and liberation (mōkṣa),
yad aṅga sambhavē - from whose (yad) body (aṅga) were born (sambhavē)
vāgadhīśvarī-śriyau - Sarasvati and Lakshmi,
(The Goddess who is) the mother (ambā) of the universe (jagad), the giver (dā) of worldly pleasures (bhōga) and liberation (mōkṣa), from whose (yad) body (aṅga) were born (sambhavē) Sarasvati (vāgadhīśvarī) and Lakshmi (śrī),
Notes:
This verse taken with the next, forms a complete sentence.
Lakshmi and Sarasvati emerged from Shakti, according to many texts
35. शूलिनी śūlinī
शूलिनी तया धर्मवर्धन्या खेलसि दयया सुरवरिष्ठ |
śūlinī tayā dharmavardhanyā khēlasi dayayā suravariṣṭha |
Translation:
śūlinī - [who is] the one bearing a trident,
tayā - with her,
dharmavardhanyā - Goddess Dharmasamvardhani,
khēlasi - you sport
dayayā - with compassion,
suravariṣṭha - O Most eminent of the gods !
O Most eminent of the gods (suravariṣṭha) ! Out of compassion (dayayā), you delight (khēlasi) in the company of Goddess Dharmasamvardhani, with her (tayā) who holds a trident (śūlinī) .
Notes:
Parvati, the consort of Shiva, is called Dharmasamvardhani in Tiruvaiyaru.
Parvati is the embodiment of Shiva’s compassion, and hence His being in her company, is an expression of His compassion towards the world.
36. चलनाट calanāṭa
कैलासाचल-नाटनकृद्भुजशैल-दण्डक-चरणाङ्गुष्ठ |
kailāsācala-nāṭanakr̥d-bhujaśaila-daṇḍaka-caraṇāṅguṣṭha |
Translation:
kailāsa acala nāṭana kr̥d bhuja śaila daṇḍaka caraṇa aṅguṣṭha - O One, the toe (aṅguṣṭha) of whose feet (caraṇa), punished (daṇḍaka) the shoulders (bhuja) resembling a mountain (śaila) [of Ravana], which caused (kr̥d) the shaking (nāṭana) of the Kailasa mountain (acala) !
O One, the toe (aṅguṣṭha) of whose feet (caraṇa), punished (daṇḍaka) the shoulders (bhuja) resembling a mountain (śaila) of Ravana, which caused (kr̥d) the shaking (nāṭana) of the Kailasa mountain (acala) !
Notes:
 |
| As Ravana tries to move Mount Kailasa, Shiva presses him down : scupture at Ellora |
Ravana, out of his arrogance, once tried to lift Kailasa, the abode of Shiva, with his twenty arms. Shiva pressed his big toe down, and this trapped Ravana’s arms under the mountain. Unable to free himself, he sang Shiva’s praises and the Lord released him and also gave him many boons.
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